BASEL, Switzerland, October 19 /PRNewswire/ --
-- MAXIMA Findings in the Lancet Affirm Ability to Maintain Haemoglobin Levels With Less Frequent Dosing
A pivotal study published today in the Lancet has shown that dialysis patients can be effectively switched from frequently dosed anaemia drugs to an innovative new anaemia treatment, MIRCERA, that can be administered once a month.(1)
The MAXIMA (Maintenance of Haemoglobin Excels in Intravenous Administration of C.E.R.A.) study is the first randomised, comparative study to investigate the direct conversion of dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease from treatment with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) given one to three times a week to IV MIRCERA administered once every four weeks. The results demonstrated that MIRCERA maintains haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations within the target range as effectively as ESAs epoetin alfa or beta which must be given on a much more frequent basis.
"Our findings demonstrate that MIRCERA can be administered once every four weeks in haemodialysis patients without sacrificing haemoglobin stability," said Nathan Levin, Medical and Research Director, Renal Research Institute, New York, New York and the lead author of the publication. "We note in The Lancet that these results should be generalisable to the maintenance haemodialysis population and that we believe this drug should be an option to epoetin for simplified anaemia management."
Simplified Anaemia Management A Potential Strategy To Decrease Rate Of Medication Errors
The publication notes that conventional ESAs having short half-lives necessitate frequent administration to maintain stable Hb concentrations. Frequent administration, dose changes, and close monitoring of Hb concentrations complicate management of anaemia. The authors comment that "errors with medication errors occur at an unacceptably high rate of 45%. Extrapolation to about 246 000 haemodialysis patients in the USA, suggests that 111 000 dose errors could happen every month." The authors add that treatment with MIRCERA every four weeks would need only 13 doses per year, compared with 52-156 doses with conventional epoetin and would therefore "allow fewer opportunities for error."
MAXIMA Study Details
The MAXIMA study randomised 673 adult patients with stable chronic renal anaemia on dialysis therapy and IV maintenance epoetin at 91 centres in eight countries. Most patients were from North America (USA - 68%; Canada - 11%) and Europe (21%). The study compared two administration intervals of IV MIRCERA (once every two weeks or once every four weeks) with continued IV epoetin treatment (one to three-times a week) in patients with chronic renal anaemia. After a run-in period, patients were randomly assigned to either of the MIRCERA arms or to continue epoetin alfa or beta at their current dose and administration interval. Patients randomized to MIRCERA received a starting dose based on the previous weekly dose of epoetin.
In contrast to previous studies in which dialysis patients were converted from IV epoetin using sequential increases in dosing intervals, most patients in MAXIMA were converted directly from a predominantly three-times-a-week regimen of epoetin (87% of patients) to IV MIRCERA administered once every four weeks.
The MAXIMA results showed:
-- Minute changes in Hb levels throughout the duration of the study (mean changes from the baseline to the evaluation periods were -0.71, -0.25, and -0.75 g/L in the MIRCERA once every two weeks; MIRCERA once every four weeks and epoetin groups, respectively), illustrating that the primary efficacy parameter (mean change in Hb level between baseline and evaluation periods) was met.
-- For the secondary analysis, the proportion of patients maintaining a mean Hb within plus or minus 10 g/L of baseline was 68%, 68%, and 67% in the MIRCERA once every two weeks and MIRCERA once every four weeks and epoetin groups, respectively.
-- A similar incidence of adverse events across all treatment arms with the most frequent adverse events mild to moderate and had a distribution typical for this patient population.
About MIRCERA
MIRCERA, a continuous erythropoietin receptor activator, has a different activity at the receptor level involved in stimulating red blood cell production which more closely mimics the body's physiologic processes. This is believed to be instrumental in delivering predictable and stable haemoglobin levels with once-monthly maintenance dosing.
MIRCERA was approved in the EU in July and is the first ESA that offers a convenient dosing schedule of once every two weeks to correct anaemia in all CKD patients types not previously treated. MIRCERA is also the first ESA in the EU approved to directly convert all CKD patients types previously treated with any ESA to once-monthly dosing. The safety and efficacy of MIRCERA in other indications has not been established. MIRCERA has now been launched in Austria, Sweden, Germany and the UK, and was recently approved in Switzerland and Norway.
About CKD and anaemia
Globally more than 500 million people, approximately one in 10 of the general population, have some degree of chronic kidney disease (CKD).(2) People with CKD experience a progressive deterioration in kidney function, often over a period of years until renal replacement therapy is needed. Patients whose kidneys are failing are unable to secrete erythropoietin, a protein that is produced by the kidneys and which stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. ESAs are given to replace what the body can no longer produce. Renal anaemia is a common and significant complication of CKD and is responsible for a significant proportion of the distressing and disabling symptoms that affect the daily health and quality of life of patients with CKD. Anaemia is also instrumental in the development of potentially fatal cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD; the prevalence of cardiovascular illness in all populations with kidney disease (CKD not on dialysis, on dialysis and post-transplant) is approximately 35-40 %.(3)
About Roche
Headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, Roche is one of the world's leading research-focused healthcare groups in the fields of pharmaceuticals and diagnostics. As the world's biggest biotech company and an innovator of products and services for the early detection, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the Group contributes on a broad range of fronts to improving people's health and quality of life. Additional information about the Roche Group is available on the Internet at http://www.roche.com.
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(1) "Patients currently treated with an ESA can be converted to MIRCERA administered once a month as a single intravenous or subcutaneous injection" in the EU. See Summary of Product Characteristics (SMPC) @ http://www.emeaeuropa.eu for EU label.
(2) International Federation of Kidney Foundations. http://www.ifkf.net/resources.php
(3) Levin A. The role of anaemia in the genesis of cardiac abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17:207-210.
For further information please contact: Sheila Gies, Roche, Mobile: +1-973-687-0188. Diane Lorton, Galliard Healthcare, Mobile: +44-(0)7811-358698
